Title: Zichru - Brachos
Tags: Perek_3 Zichru Siman Brachos_18 Brachos_19 Brachos_20 Brachos_21 Brachos_22 Brachos_23 Brachos_25 Brachos_24

Q: Daf 18 - יח - Siman
A: בן י'ח לחופה – Chuppah

Q: Daf 18 - יח - Siman Chuppah
A: Two spirits standing under a chuppah in a cemetery discuss next year’s weather forecast and are overheard by a rich farmer with tucked-in tzitzis, who is about to bury his mother.

Q: Two spirits standing under a chuppah in a cemetery discuss next year’s weather forecast and are overheard by a rich farmer with tucked-in tzitzis, who is about to bury his mother.
A: 1. Exemption from mitzvos even when not in front of the deceased
The Mishnah on 17b states that someone who is required to bury his dead relative, who is right now in front of him, is exempt from mitzvos. According to Rav Ashi, he is exempt from all mitzvos, even when not in the presence of the deceased. Rav Ashi learns this from Avraham and the burial of Sarah. The pasuk says, And Avraham arose from the presence of his dead, followed by the next verse after Avraham had walked away, … that I may bury my dead from before me.
2. Mocking the dead
One is not permitted to wear tefillin, learn from a sefer or wear his tzitzis out in a cemetery. Doing so is considered mocking the dead (לרש לעג ,(because they can’t do mitzvos anymore.
3. Are the dead aware of worldly events?
In discussing the question of whether the dead are aware of wordly events, the Gemara relates the story of a chasid who successfully planted his crops each year based on forecasts he overheard from two spirits talking in a cemetery.

Q: Two spirits standing under a chuppah in a cemetery discuss next year’s weather forecast and are overheard by a rich farmer with tucked-in tzitzis, who is about to bury his mother.
A: 1. Exemption from mitzvos even when not in front of the deceased
The Mishnah on 17b states that someone who is required to bury his dead relative, who is right now in front of him, is exempt from mitzvos. According to Rav Ashi, he is exempt from all mitzvos, even when not in the presence of the deceased. Rav Ashi learns this from Avraham and the burial of Sarah. The pasuk says, And Avraham arose from the presence of his dead, followed by the next verse after Avraham had walked away, … that I may bury my dead from before me.

Q: Two spirits standing under a chuppah in a cemetery discuss next year’s weather forecast and are overheard by a rich farmer with tucked-in tzitzis, who is about to bury his mother.
A: 2. Mocking the dead
One is not permitted to wear tefillin, learn from a sefer or wear his tzitzis out in a cemetery. Doing so is considered mocking the dead (לרש לעג ,(because they can’t do mitzvos anymore.

Q: Two spirits standing under a chuppah in a cemetery discuss next year’s weather forecast and are overheard by a rich farmer with tucked-in tzitzis, who is about to bury his mother.
A: 3. Are the dead aware of worldly events?
In discussing the question of whether the dead are aware of wordly events, the Gemara relates the story of a chasid who successfully planted his crops each year based on forecasts he overheard from two spirits talking in a cemetery.

Q: Daf 19 - Siman - יט
A: Yacht

Q: Siman – Yacht - יט
A: A nasty person who disparaged a deceased talmid chacham fell off a yacht and was swallowed by a whale with a big open mouth, as the captain who ripped off his shaatnez-containing uniform steered the boat.

Q: A nasty person who disparaged a deceased talmid chacham fell off a yacht and was swallowed by a whale with a big open mouth, as the captain who ripped off his shaatnez-containing uniform steered the boat.
A: 1. One who disparages a deceased talmid chacham
Anyone who disparages a deceased talmid chacham ultimately falls into Gehinnom. כל המספר אחר מטתן של תלמידי חכמים נופל בגיהנים
2. Do not open mouth to the Satan
One should never open himself up to prosecution by the Satan by saying of himself that he is worthy of punishment. אל תפתח פה לשטן -
3. Personal dignity (kavod habrios) does not override a Torah prohibition
Rav taught that if someone discovers shaatnez in his clothing he must remove the garment even in the middle of the marketplace, because where there is a threat of chillul Hashem (meaning violating a Torah prohibition) we do not worry about a person’s dignity (kavod habrios). "אין חכמה אין תבונה אין עצה לנגד ה'",pasuk the on based is This- - There is no value to wisdom, or understanding, or counsel when weighed against the honor of Hashem. Respect for a person’s dignity does, however, override a Rabbinic prohibition.

Q: A nasty person who disparaged a deceased talmid chacham fell off a yacht and was swallowed by a whale with a big open mouth, as the captain who ripped off his shaatnez-containing uniform steered the boat.
A: 1. One who disparages a deceased talmid chacham Anyone who disparages a deceased talmid chacham ultimately falls into Gehinnom. כל המספר אחר מטתן של תלמידי חכמים נופל בגיהנים

Q: A nasty person who disparaged a deceased talmid chacham fell off a yacht and was swallowed by a whale with a big open mouth, as the captain who ripped off his shaatnez-containing uniform steered the boat.
A: 2. Do not open mouth to the Satan
One should never open himself up to prosecution by the Satan by saying of himself that he is worthy of punishment. אל תפתח פה לשטן -

Q: A nasty person who disparaged a deceased talmid chacham fell off a yacht and was swallowed by a whale with a big open mouth, as the captain who ripped off his shaatnez-containing uniform steered the boat.
A: 3. Personal dignity (kavod habrios) does not override a Torah prohibition
Rav taught that if someone discovers shaatnez in his clothing he must remove the garment even in the middle of the marketplace, because where there is a threat of chillul Hashem (meaning violating a Torah prohibition) we do not worry about a person’s dignity (kavod habrios). "אין חכמה אין תבונה אין עצה לנגד ה'",pasuk the on based is This- - There is no value to wisdom, or understanding, or counsel when weighed against the honor of Hashem.
Respect for a person’s dignity does, however, override a Rabbinic prohibition.

Q: Daf 20 - כ - Siman
A: Coffee

Q: Daf 20 - כ - Siman - Coffee
A: A woman drinking coffee in a café and was about to bentch, when a Rabbi ran in and knocked the immodest headpiece off her head which landed in a mikveh that was in front of a model of Har Sinai.

Q: A woman drinking coffee in a café and was about to bentch, when a Rabbi ran in and knocked the immodest headpiece off her head which landed in a mikveh that was in front of a model of Har Sinai.
A: 1. Why miracles occurred for earlier generations
Earlier generations merited seeing miracles that later generations—despite their superiority in breadth and mastery of Torah—did not, because the earlier generations were moser nefesh (sacrificed themselves) for kiddush Hashem (to sanctify G-d’s name). Example: Rav Adda bar Ahavah tore an inappropriate garment off a woman walking in the street because he thought she was Jewish.
2. A woman’s obligation to recite birkas hamazon
Is the obligation for women to recite birkas hamazon Biblical or Rabbinic? The practical difference would be whether they can recite birkas hamazon on behalf of men, who are Biblically obligated.
3. Ezra’s takanah modeled after Har Sinai
Ezra’s takanah (decree) requires a baal keri (one who experiences a seminal discharge) to immerse in a mikveh in order to speak words of Torah and to daven. The takanah was modeled on the events at Har Sinai, where immersion was required for the recitation of words of Torah. Thinking Torah thoughts without immersion is permitted.

Q: A woman drinking coffee in a café and was about to bentch, when a Rabbi ran in and knocked the immodest headpiece off her head which landed in a mikveh that was in front of a model of Har Sinai.
A: 1. Why miracles occurred for earlier generations
Earlier generations merited seeing miracles that later generations—despite their superiority in breadth and mastery of Torah—did not, because the earlier generations were moser nefesh (sacrificed themselves) for kiddush Hashem (to sanctify G-d’s name). Example: Rav Adda bar Ahavah tore an inappropriate garment off a woman walking in the street because he thought she was Jewish.

Q: A woman drinking coffee in a café and was about to bentch, when a Rabbi ran in and knocked the immodest headpiece off her head which landed in a mikveh that was in front of a model of Har Sinai.
A: 2. A woman’s obligation to recite birkas hamazon
Is the obligation for women to recite birkas hamazon Biblical or Rabbinic? The practical difference would be whether they can recite birkas hamazon on behalf of men, who are Biblically obligated.

Q: A woman drinking coffee in a café and was about to bentch, when a Rabbi ran in and knocked the immodest headpiece off her head which landed in a mikveh that was in front of a model of Har Sinai.
A: 3. Ezra’s takanah modeled after Har Sinai
Ezra’s takanah (decree) requires a baal keri (one who experiences a seminal discharge) to immerse in a mikveh in order to speak words of Torah and to daven. The takanah was modeled on the events at Har Sinai, where immersion was required for the recitation of words of Torah.
Thinking Torah thoughts without immersion is permitted.

Q: Daf 21 - Siman - כא
A: Car

Q: Daf 21 - כא - Car
A: The latecomer to shul raced out of his car and jumped over one man bentching mid’Oraisa, and another man saying Shema mid’Rabbanan, but when he got to the minyan they were in the middle of Kedushah.

Q: The latecomer to shul raced out of his car and jumped over one man bentching mid’Oraisa, and another man saying Shema mid’Rabbanan, but when he got to the minyan they were in the middle of Kedushah.
A: 1. The two Biblically mandated berachos
The Gemara identifies the sources for two Biblically mandated berachos. Birkas Hamazon – "וברכת ושבעת ואכלת - "and you shall eat, be satisfied and bless Birkas HaTorah– "לאלקינו גדל הבו אקרא' ה שם כי - "when I call the name of Hashem, ascribe greatness to our G-d
2.. Machlokes is Krias Shema Biblical or Rabbinic
There is a machlokes whether the obligation to recite Krias Shema is Biblical or Rabbinic. According to Rav Yehuda, the Biblical obligation of ובקמך ובשכבך) and when you lie down and arise) is to recite any section of the Torah, once in the morning and once in the evening. The fact that we fulfill this requirement by reciting the words of Shema is Rabbinic.
3. Latecomer to shul
There is a machlokes regarding at what point a latecomer to shul can join the tzibbur (congregation) if they are in the middle of davening Shemoneh Esrei. One view permits it only if he can finish before the shliach tzibbur (the one leading the davening) reaches Kedushah; the other view holds that he only needs to finish before the shliach tzibbur reaches Modim.

Q: The latecomer to shul raced out of his car and jumped over one man bentching mid’Oraisa, and another man saying Shema mid’Rabbanan, but when he got to the minyan they were in the middle of Kedushah.
A: 1. The two Biblically mandated berachos
The Gemara identifies the sources for two Biblically mandated berachos.
Birkas Hamazon – "וברכת ושבעת ואכלת - "and you shall eat, be satisfied and bless
Birkas HaTorah– "לאלקינו גדל הבו אקרא' ה שם כי - "when I call the name of Hashem, ascribe greatness to our G-d

Q: The latecomer to shul raced out of his car and jumped over one man bentching mid’Oraisa, and another man saying Shema mid’Rabbanan, but when he got to the minyan they were in the middle of Kedushah.
A: 2. Machlokes is Krias Shema Biblical or Rabbinic
There is a machlokes whether the obligation to recite Krias Shema is Biblical or Rabbinic. According to Rav Yehuda, the Biblical obligation of ובקמך ובשכבך) and when you lie down and arise) is to recite any section of the Torah, once in the morning and once in the evening. The fact that we fulfill this requirement by reciting the words of Shema is Rabbinic.

Q: The latecomer to shul raced out of his car and jumped over one man bentching mid’Oraisa, and another man saying Shema mid’Rabbanan, but when he got to the minyan they were in the middle of Kedushah.
A: 3. Latecomer to shul
There is a machlokes regarding at what point a latecomer to shul can join the tzibbur (congregation) if they are in the middle of davening Shemoneh Esrei.
One view permits it only if he can finish before the shliach tzibbur (the one leading the davening) reaches Kedushah; the other view holds that he only needs to finish before the shliach tzibbur reaches Modim.

Q: Daf 22 -כב
A: Cab

Q: Daf 22 - כב - Cab
A: A cab driver laughed as his cab was surrounded by fire, which he doused with forty se’ah of water, pouring from a nine-kabin pail.

Q: A cab driver laughed as his cab was surrounded by fire, which he doused with forty se’ah of water, pouring from a nine-kabin pail.
A: 1. Why a Baal Keri immerses in a mikveh
A Braisa teaches that the reason a baal keri is the only type of tumah that requires immersion in a mikveh before one is able to learn Torah is because the tumah came about as a result of levity. This is inconsistent with how the Torah was received at Har Sinai, which was with fear and trepidation.
2. Words of Torah don’t contract tumah
R’ Yehuda ben Beseira does not require a baal keri to immerse before learning Torah, because he holds that words of Torah are like fire, which do not contract tumah. He learns this from the pasuk: ‘ה נאם כאש דברי כה הלא ,Behold my words are like fire, says Hashem.
3. 40 Se’ah or 9 Kabin?
There is a machlokes whether a baal keri requires immersion in a mikveh of forty se’ah or whether having nine kabin of water poured over him suffices.

Q: A cab driver laughed as his cab was surrounded by fire, which he doused with forty se’ah of water, pouring from a nine-kabin pail.
A: 1. Why a Baal Keri immerses in a mikveh
A Braisa teaches that the reason a baal keri is the only type of tumah that requires immersion in a mikveh before one is able to learn Torah is because the tumah came about as a result of levity. This is inconsistent with how the Torah was received at Har Sinai, which was with fear and trepidation.

Q: A cab driver laughed as his cab was surrounded by fire, which he doused with forty se’ah of water, pouring from a nine-kabin pail.
A: 2. Words of Torah don’t contract tumah
R’ Yehuda ben Beseira does not require a baal keri to immerse before learning Torah, because he holds that words of Torah are like fire, which do not contract tumah. He learns this from the pasuk: ‘ה נאם כאש דברי כה הלא ,Behold my words are like fire, says Hashem.

Q: A cab driver laughed as his cab was surrounded by fire, which he doused with forty se’ah of water, pouring from a nine-kabin pail.
A: 3. 40 Se’ah or 9 Kabin?
There is a machlokes whether a baal keri requires immersion in a mikveh of forty se’ah or whether having nine kabin of water poured over him suffices.

Q: Daf 23 - כג - Siman
A: Keg

Q: Daf 23 - כג - Keg
A: A man running to the bathroom before davening Shemoneh Esrei puts his tefillin in his new tefillin bag on a keg that was four amos away from the outhouse.

Q: A man running to the bathroom before davening Shemoneh Esrei puts his tefillin in his new tefillin bag on a keg that was four amos away from the outhouse.
A: 1. Going to the bathroom before Shemoneh Esrei
One who feels the need to relieve himself and cannot restrain himself for 72 minutes (the time it takes to travel the distance of a parsah), should not begin Shemoneh Esrei. To do otherwise would be to render his tefillah a to’eivah (an abomination). - The source for the need to prepare oneself for tefillah is the pasuk, אלקיך לקראת הכון ישראל – Prepare to meet your G-d, O Israel.
2. Where to take tefillin off when going to the bathroom
One must remove his tefillin at least four amos way from an established bathroom before entering. If the place had never been used as a bathroom, he can take his tefillin off there and relieve himself, but he must move at least four amos away before putting them back on.
3. Forbidden to store anything in a tefillin bag
It is forbidden to store anything other than tefillin in a bag set aside to hold tefillin. - It’s a machlokes whether the bag becomes forbidden as soon as it is set aside for such usage .(הזמנה לאו מילתא היא) used been has it after only or) מילתא היא הזמנה )

Q: A man running to the bathroom before davening Shemoneh Esrei puts his tefillin in his new tefillin bag on a keg that was four amos away from the outhouse.
A: 1. Going to the bathroom before Shemoneh Esrei
One who feels the need to relieve himself and cannot restrain himself for 72 minutes (the time it takes to travel the distance of a parsah), should not begin Shemoneh Esrei. To do otherwise would be to render his tefillah a to’eivah (an abomination).
The source for the need to prepare oneself for tefillah is the pasuk, אלקיך לקראת הכון ישראל – Prepare to meet your G-d, O Israel.

Q: A man running to the bathroom before davening Shemoneh Esrei puts his tefillin in his new tefillin bag on a keg that was four amos away from the outhouse.
A: 2. Where to take tefillin off when going to the bathroom
One must remove his tefillin at least four amos way from an established bathroom before entering. If the place had never been used as a bathroom, he can take his tefillin off there and relieve himself, but he must move at least four amos away before putting them back on.

Q: A man running to the bathroom before davening Shemoneh Esrei puts his tefillin in his new tefillin bag on a keg that was four amos away from the outhouse.
A: 3. Forbidden to store anything in a tefillin bag
It is forbidden to store anything other than tefillin in a bag set aside to hold tefillin.
It’s a machlokes whether the bag becomes forbidden as soon as it is set aside for such usage .(הזמנה לאו מילתא היא) used been has it after only or) מילתא היא הזמנה )

Q: Daf 24 - כד - Siman
A: Pitcher

Q: A married couple lie in a bed with an empty pitcher used as a sheitelstand placed between them. The husband yawns while the wife says Shema.
A: 1. Husband and wife reciting Krias Shema in bed A husband and wife sleeping in the same bed can recite Krias Shema as long as they are turned away from each other and face in opposite directions.
2. Ervah The Gemara identifies those parts/aspects of a woman that are considered ervah (nakedness), which, when within view or earshot of a man, halachically prevent him from reciting Shema, saying berachos, learning Torah, etc. Included in the list are: - A tefach of exposed skin that is normally covered (including one’s wife) שוק – Thigh- - [Singing] Voice – קול שעיר - Hair-
3. Inappropriate behavior during tefillah The Gemara lists various improper behaviors during tefillah, such as davening audibly, belching, yawning, sneezing and spitting.

Q: A married couple lie in a bed with an empty pitcher used as a sheitelstand placed between them. The husband yawns while the wife says Shema.
A: 1. Husband and wife reciting Krias Shema in bed
A husband and wife sleeping in the same bed can recite Krias Shema as long as they are turned away from each other and face in opposite directions.

Q: A married couple lie in a bed with an empty pitcher used as a sheitelstand placed between them. The husband yawns while the wife says Shema.
A: 2. Ervah The Gemara identifies those parts/aspects of a woman that are considered ervah (nakedness), which, when within view or earshot of a man, halachically prevent him from reciting Shema, saying berachos, learning Torah, etc. Included in the list are:
- A tefach of exposed skin that is normally covered (including one’s wife)
 שוק – Thigh-
 - [Singing] Voice – קול
שעיר - Hair-

Q: A married couple lie in a bed with an empty pitcher used as a sheitelstand placed between them. The husband yawns while the wife says Shema.
A: 3. Inappropriate behavior during tefillah
The Gemara lists various improper behaviors during tefillah, such as davening audibly, belching, yawning, sneezing and spitting.

Q: Daf 25 - כה Siman
A: Silver Anniversary

Q: Daf 25 - כה– Silver Anniversary
A: The surprise silver anniversary party the husband threw for his wife was a disaster when the party room he rented was less than four amos away from a barn that was full of foul smelling substances, people sleeping on mats, and used chamber pots.

Q: The surprise silver anniversary party the husband threw for his wife was a disaster when the party room he rented was less than four amos away from a barn that was full of foul smelling substances, people sleeping on mats, and used chamber pots.
A: 1. Reciting Krias Shema near a foul smelling substance
There is a machlokes regarding how far one must be from a foul odor that emanates from a :Shema Krias recite to) ריח רע שיש לו עיקר) substance - Rav Huna holds the person must be four amos away from the actual substance - Rav Chisdah holds the person must be four amos away from spot where the odor stops
2. Learning with an odor without substance
While it is forbidden to say Krias Shema if there is an odor without substance ( לו שאין רע ריח עיקר (Rav Sheishes ruled that it is permitted to learn if the smell is coming from another person. This is learned from the fact that people learned in a place where people dozed on mats.
3. Reciting Krias Shema opposite a chamber pot
It is forbidden to recite Krias Shema opposite a clay chamber pot )רעי של גרף )used for excrement or urine, even if there is nothing in it, since it is especially absorbent and makes the vessel repulsive.

Q: The surprise silver anniversary party the husband threw for his wife was a disaster when the party room he rented was less than four amos away from a barn that was full of foul smelling substances, people sleeping on mats, and used chamber pots.
A: 1. Reciting Krias Shema near a foul smelling substance
There is a machlokes regarding how far one must be from a foul odor that emanates from a :Shema Krias recite to) ריח רע שיש לו עיקר) substance
- Rav Huna holds the person must be four amos away from the actual substance
- Rav Chisdah holds the person must be four amos away from spot where the odor stops

Q: The surprise silver anniversary party the husband threw for his wife was a disaster when the party room he rented was less than four amos away from a barn that was full of foul smelling substances, people sleeping on mats, and used chamber pots.
A: 2. Learning with an odor without substance
While it is forbidden to say Krias Shema if there is an odor without substance ( לו שאין רע ריח עיקר (Rav Sheishes ruled that it is permitted to learn if the smell is coming from another person. This is learned from the fact that people learned in a place where people dozed on mats.

Q: The surprise silver anniversary party the husband threw for his wife was a disaster when the party room he rented was less than four amos away from a barn that was full of foul smelling substances, people sleeping on mats, and used chamber pots.
A: 3. Reciting Krias Shema opposite a chamber pot
It is forbidden to recite Krias Shema opposite a clay chamber pot )רעי של גרף )used for excrement or urine, even if there is nothing in it, since it is especially absorbent and makes the vessel repulsive